Nutraceutical: A Bright Scope and Oppourtunity of Indian Healthcare Market.

Nutraceutical is regarded as the bio active substance and the constituents are either of known therapeutic activity or are chemically defined substance generally accepted to contribute substantially to the therapeutic activity of the drug. Phytochemical screening involves botanical identification, extraction with suitable solvents, purification and characterization of the bioactive constituents of pharmaceutical importance. Quality control for the officially and safely of herbal product is essential .The quality control of photochemical may be defined as the status of a drug which is determined either by identity, purity, constant and other chemical physical biological properties or by manufacturing process .compound with synthetic drug The critical and approach for herbal drug are much more complex Nutraceutical, a portmanteau of the words “nutrition” and “pharmaceutical”, is a food or food product that reportedly provides health and medical benefits, including the prevention and treatment of disease. A product isolated or purified from foods that is generally sold in medicinal forms not usually associated with food. A nutraceutical is demonstrated to have a physiological benefit or provide protection against chronic disease.

Outcomes of ventricular septal defect repair in various anomalies: a single institute experience and literature review

This is a single institute retrospective study [from 2007 to 2008] to evaluate how patient related factors [age, weight] and type of anatomical location of ventricular septal defect [VSD] could affect the outcome of surgery. Patients with any diagnosis who had undergone ventricular septal defect repair [a total of 25 patients] from 2007 till early 2008 at our center were evaluated retrospectively for factors which might be responsible for developing residual ventricular septal defects and heart block. Data were analyzed through univariate and multivariate analysis. There was 2 deaths among 252 patients [0.8%]. The incidence of postoperative residual ventricular septal defect was 28.2% +/- 2.8* [71 of 252], but only 3 of them [4.2%] needed reoperation. Neither patch material [p=0.572], nor type [p=0.349] or size [p=0.599] of ventricular septal defect had any effect on this complication. The mean age and weight of patients who had residual ventricular septal defect compared to those who did not were not significantly different, although they were somewhat lower [4.7 +/- 0.7 vs. 5.2 +/- 0.4 years, p=0.537; and 15.4 +/- 1.7 vs. 17.9 +/- 1.1 kg, p=0.222, respectively]. There were five patients [2.05] with postoperative complete heart block [CHB] and again this was independent of the patients' age, weight and surgical approach [transatrial or transventricular]. Patients with history of previous Blalock-Taussig [BT] shunt proved to have postoperative bleeding more commonly [13%, 6 of 46 patients] than patients who had not [3.4%, or 7 of 206 patients, p=0.009]. Also in patients with a history of BT shunt compared to those without it, postoperative pericardial effusion [6.5% versus 1.5%, P=0.04] and pneumonia [4.35 versus 0.5%, P=0.025] were more common. It seems that for VSD repair, there are no limitations such as wight or age to proceed with the definitive surgery. Also the incidence of complications is independent of the type of anomaly or approaches for closing the defect. Finally, BT shunt has its own complications which are neither rare nor minor, so it is advisable to proceed with the definitive surgery at the first time to avoid the complications associated with BT shunt

[Comparison between the effectiveness of physical maneauer and medicinal therapy in the treatment of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo]

Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo [BPPV] is the most common cause of vertigo. Its pathophysiology is described by canalolithiasis theory. A safe and simple treatment has been proposed in recent years [canalith repositioning maneuver]. This study has been performed to compare the effectiveness of physical maneuver and medical therapy in the treatment of BPPV. The study was a clinical trial. Patients with BPPV [Being diagnosed based on positive Dix - Hallpike test and history] were randomized into 2 groups on first visit. They were matched for sex, age and cause of BPPV. 23 patients received Epley maneuver and 22 patients received Betahistine. Patients were evaluated at first week and first month after the beginning of the treatment. After one week, 58.3% of patients in drug group and 94.1% of patients in maneuver group had negative Hallpike test. After 1 week, all patients were asked about the resolution of symptoms. After 1 week, 39.77% of patients in drug group and 81.52% of patients in maneuver group improved. This difference between the 2 groups was statistically significant [2 = -4/338; p< 0/001]. After 1 month, 56. 83% of patients in drug group and 86.98% of patients in maneuver group improved [z =- 3/ 305; p<0/01]. The difference of subjective improvement was statistically significant between 1 week and 1 month follow up in drug group [z = -2/85; p<0.01], this difference however was not statistically significant in maneuver group [z= -1.5; NS]. In short term the Epley maneuver is much more effective than medical therapy to control symptoms of BPPV and is the best treatment for this disease

Quantitation of proteinuria by morning spot urine sampling

The study was conducted to determine whether a spot morning urinary protein/cretinine ratio provides accurate quantitation of 24 hours urinary protein excretion in non-diabetic outpatient population. Patients were classified into 5 categories on the basis of urinary protein/cretinine ratio and 24 hours urinary protein excretion was measured in each category and their correlation was studied. Results showed highly reliable correlation between the two and it could be exploited in clinical setting by choosing morning spot urinary protein/cretinine ratio instead of timed urinary protein excretion to quantitate the proteinuria